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Class 10
Physics :-NCERT Solution - Magnetic Effects Of Electric Current

Page No 241:
Question 17:
When does an electric short circuit occur?


Answer:

If the resistance of an electric circuit becomes very low, then the current flowing through the circuit becomes very high. This is caused by connecting too many appliances to a single socket or connecting high power rating appliances to the light circuits. This results in a short circuit.

When the insulation of live and neutral wires undergoes wear and tear and then touches each other, the current flowing in the circuit increases abruptly. Hence, a short circuit occurs.